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    • Lessons 1-10 >
      • 1 - Pronunciation >
        • Sindarin IPA
      • 2 - Greetings
      • 3 - Origins >
        • Sindarin place names
      • 4 - Questions
      • 5 - Eating & drinking
      • 6 - Plurals (1)
      • 7 - Plurals (2)
      • 8 - Pronouns (nominative)
      • 9 - Pronouns (object & dative)
      • 10 - Colours & Soft mutation introduction
    • Lessons 11-20 >
      • 11 - Soft mutation
      • 12 - Using adjectives & adverbs
      • 13 - Prepositions (1)
      • 14 - Prepositions (2)
      • 15 - 'in' & Nasal mutation
      • 16 - Pronouns (possessive)
      • 17 - Verbs (Present Tense)
      • 18 - Verbs (Past Tense)
      • 19 - Verbs (Intransitive endings and irregulars)
      • 20 - Verbs (Future Tense)
    • Lessons 21-30 >
      • 21 - Verbs (Conditional)
      • 22 - Irregular verbs
      • 23 - Verbs (Dual)
      • 24 - Sentence structure
      • 25 - Negation
      • 26 - 'To be'
      • 27 - Relative pronouns and uncertainty
      • 28 - Timekeeping
      • 29 - Numbers & Mathematics
      • 30 - Mixed mutation and 'En'
    • Lessons 31-40 >
      • 31 - Plurals (3): Class plurals
      • 32 - Possessive, singular and diminutive suffixes
      • 33 - Comparatives & Superlatives
      • 34 - Abstract Suffix
      • 35 - Further suffixes
      • 36 - How to make names (1)
      • 37 - How to make names (2)
      • 38 - Gondorian & Mirkwood Sindarin
      • 39 - Doriathrin Sindarin
      • 40 - Liquid and Stop mutations
    • Lessons 41 onwards >
      • 41 - Elision
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Lesson 7 - Plurals (part two)

This lesson is covered in more detail in Week 2 of Intermediate Sindarin

Siron
:
Man ti? In edhil ennas.
Amdiron: In yn Elrond. I eneth dîn Elladan a Elrohir. I chent dîn laeg!
Siron: Na van sad Ivrinel?
Amdiron: Ganna aerlinn nef i noer.

Siron: Who are they? The elves there.
Amdiron: The sons of Elrond. Their names are Elladan and Elrohir. Their eyes are keen!
Siron: Where is Ivrinel? ('At what place is Ivrinel?')
Amdiron: She's harping sea-songs beside the fires.

Now let's look at all the diphthongs (two vowels together) and what they change into when you pluralise a word.
Original vowels
Non-final position in word
Final position in word
ai
ai
ai
ae
ae
ae
au
au
oe
ei
ei
î
ie
Doesn't exist
i
io, iô
Doesn't exist
y, ŷ
ui
ui
ui

Examples

Aith (spearpoint) = Aith (spearpoints)
Taith (mark) = Taith (marks)
Gwaew (wind) = Gwaew (winds)
Taeg (boundary) = Taeg (boundaries)

Naug (dwarf) = Noeg (dwarves)
Naur (fire) = Noer (fires)
Bauglir (tyrant) = Bauglir (tyrants) - neither the diphthong nor the vowel need to change

Eirien (daisy) = Eirin (daisies)
Feir (mortal) = F
îr (mortals)
Iell (daughter) = Ill (daughters)

Ion (son) = Yn (sons)
Bior (follower, vassal) = Byr (followers, vassals)
Cirion (sailor) = Ciryn (sailors)

Duin (river) = Duin (rivers)

AW

AW is pronounced identically to AU making it a diphthong by pronunciation if not spelling.

When AW appears in a plural, how it changes depends where it appears in the word.
If the word is a single syllable, the AW changes to OE:
Raw (lion) = Roe (lions)
Laws (hair ringlet) = Loes (hair ringlets)
Naw (idea) = Noe (ideas)

But remember
not to ever do this to the word Lhaw (pair of ears) as it's already plural!

If the word has more than one syllable, the AW is treated as two separate sounds, and you pluralise the A according to the rules in Lesson 6:
Awarth (abandonment) = Ewerth (abandonments)
Tawar (the material wood, or a forest) = Tewair (some wood, or forests)


Irregular plurals

There are also a few irregular plurals in Sindarin due to how the word was originally formed.
As there are no rules that can be applied to these words, this is here for you to refer to.

Please be aware that two of these words have homonyms (words that are spelt and sound the same but have a different meaning); their plurals are regular. These are Caun = Outcry, Caun = Valour, and Iau = Ravine.

Singular
 Plural
Meaning
Ael
Aelin
Pool(s)
Alph
Eilph
Swan(s)
Cair
Cîr
Ship(s)
Caun
Conin
Prince(s)
Cef
Ceif
Soil(s)
Doron
Deren
Oak tree(s)
Drû
Drúin
Wose(s), Wild men
Êl
Elin
Star(s)
Fela
Fili
Cave(s)
Fêr
Ferin
Beech tree(s)
Iau
Iui
Corn
Ôl
Elei
Dream(s)
Orod
Ered
Mountain(s) - also has a regular plural Eryd
Pêl
Peli
Fenced field(s)
Rodon
Rodyn
Vala(r)

Testing your knowledge

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  • Home
    • Donations
    • Contact/About me
  • Words
  • Verbs
  • Phrases
  • Lessons
    • Lessons 1-10 >
      • 1 - Pronunciation >
        • Sindarin IPA
      • 2 - Greetings
      • 3 - Origins >
        • Sindarin place names
      • 4 - Questions
      • 5 - Eating & drinking
      • 6 - Plurals (1)
      • 7 - Plurals (2)
      • 8 - Pronouns (nominative)
      • 9 - Pronouns (object & dative)
      • 10 - Colours & Soft mutation introduction
    • Lessons 11-20 >
      • 11 - Soft mutation
      • 12 - Using adjectives & adverbs
      • 13 - Prepositions (1)
      • 14 - Prepositions (2)
      • 15 - 'in' & Nasal mutation
      • 16 - Pronouns (possessive)
      • 17 - Verbs (Present Tense)
      • 18 - Verbs (Past Tense)
      • 19 - Verbs (Intransitive endings and irregulars)
      • 20 - Verbs (Future Tense)
    • Lessons 21-30 >
      • 21 - Verbs (Conditional)
      • 22 - Irregular verbs
      • 23 - Verbs (Dual)
      • 24 - Sentence structure
      • 25 - Negation
      • 26 - 'To be'
      • 27 - Relative pronouns and uncertainty
      • 28 - Timekeeping
      • 29 - Numbers & Mathematics
      • 30 - Mixed mutation and 'En'
    • Lessons 31-40 >
      • 31 - Plurals (3): Class plurals
      • 32 - Possessive, singular and diminutive suffixes
      • 33 - Comparatives & Superlatives
      • 34 - Abstract Suffix
      • 35 - Further suffixes
      • 36 - How to make names (1)
      • 37 - How to make names (2)
      • 38 - Gondorian & Mirkwood Sindarin
      • 39 - Doriathrin Sindarin
      • 40 - Liquid and Stop mutations
    • Lessons 41 onwards >
      • 41 - Elision
  • Resources
    • Mutation chart
    • Pronoun chart
    • (m)b words
    • (n)d words
    • (n)g words
    • -ath
    • Jigsaws
    • Grammatical terms
    • Language of the hands