This lesson first looks at the endings you need to use with A-stem verbs when the verb you are using has an intransitive meaning, then moves on to some irregular endings you need to be aware of.

Part five - Intransitive endings

What do transitive and intransitive mean?
A transitive verb indicates an action, and it has to have at least one object (I feed him, I kicked it)
An intransitive verb doesn't have an object (I listened, I smiled)

Some verbs can be either transitive or intransitive depending on the sentence, for example:
I knew / I knew him
She served / She served them

These verbs, the ones that can take either form, are the ones we are looking at. The default verb endings (the ones from Lesson 22) are the transitive endings, and are the ones you will use most often. However if you want to use the intransitive form of these verbs, you need a different set of endings.

Nesta- to heal

I healed	Nestassen	We healed	Nestassem
You healed (formal)	Nestassol	You all healed (formal)	Nestassolir
You healed (informal)	Nestassog	You all healed (informal)	Nestassogir
He/she/it healed	Nestas	They healed	Nestasser
Healed (passive participle)	Nestassen	Plural	Nestessin

Raitha- to try, strive

I tried	Raithassen	We tried	Raithassem
You tried (formal)	Raithassol	You all tried (formal)	Raithassolir
You tried (informal)	Raithassog	You all tried (informal)	Raithassogir
He/she/it tried	Raithas	They tried	Raithasser
Tried (passive participle)	Raithassen	Plural	Raithessin

Examples:
Nestassen min mbar Elrond = I healed in Elrond's house
Den nestannen = I healed him
Raithasser = They tried
Den raithannem = We tried it

As you can see, the intransitive endings are quite simple; instead of an N/NT, they take an S.

Part six - A-stem consonant simplification

Although A-stem verbs do not for the most part have I-affection and consonant changes to worry about, they do have some simplifications to prevent large groups of repeated consonants.

Consonant cluster	Becomes in the past tense	Example
nna-	-nnen	Penna- = Pennen not Pennannen
ida-	-innen	Nimmida- = Nimminnen
ada-	-annen	Gannada- = Gannen Tangada- = Tangannen

Part seven - A-stem irregular verbs

And finally, we come to the (fairly small, panic ye not) group of A-stem verbs that have irregular conjugations in the past tense. They are regular in the present tense and the future tense, so please do not try and stick random endings on them! For the true irregular verbs that are irregular in most tenses, please see lesson 22.

The reason that these are important is that to make them regular is the equivalent of saying 'I thinked' or 'I drinked' in English. You know what the person means, but it isn't the correct formation and it certainly isn't how a native would say it!

Instead of listing the consonant changes in a little table, I'm going to do each verb individually.
As it isn't clear what happens to the 2nd person forms of these verbs, I will treat them as if they were any other A-stem verb, adding the ending onto the 1st person form, so for example:
We take Ammen = I refused, and add the second person ending, giving us -
Ammol = You refused, Ammenolir = You all refused, etc.

Aníra- to want

I wanted	Anírnen	We wanted	Anírnem
He/she/it wanted	Anírn	They wanted	Anírner
Wanted (passive participle)	Anírnen	Plural	Anírnin

Tíra- to see, to gaze is conjugated identically to Aníra-

Anna- to give

I gave	Ónen	We gave	Ónem
He/she/it gave	Aun	They gave	Óner
Given (passive participle)	Ónen	Plural	Ónin

Ava- to refuse (transitive/intransitive)

I refused	Ammen/Avassen	We refused	Ammem/Avassem
He/she/it refused	Am/Avas	They refused	Amer/Avasser
Refused (passive participle)	Ammen/Avassen	Plural	Emmin/Evessin

Banga- to trade (transitive/intransitive)

I traded	Bangen/Bangassen	We traded	Bangem/Bangassem
He/she/it traded	Banc/Bangas	They traded	Banger/Bangasser
Traded (passive participle)	Bangen/Bangassen	Plural	Bengin/Bengessin

Carfa- to speak (transitive/intransitive)

I spoke	Agarfannen/Agarfassen	We spoke	Agarfannem/Agarfassem
He/she/it spoke	Agarfant/Agarfast	They spoke	Agarfanner/Agarfasser
Spoken (passive participle)	Agarfannen	Plural	Egerfennin

Gala- to grow

I grew	Gallen	We grew	Gallem
He/she/it grew	Gall	They grew	Galler
Grown (passive participle)	Gallen	Plural	Gellin

Gawa- to disguise, falsify

I disguised	Gonen	We disguised	Gonem
He/she/it disguised	Gaun	They disguised	Goner
Disguised (passive participle)	Gonen	Plural	Genin

Groga- to feel terror

I felt terror	Grungen	We felt terror	Grungem
He/she/it felt terror	Grunc	They felt terror	Grunger
Terrified (passive participle)	Grungen	Plural	Gryngin

Ista- to know (the transitive form is irregular)

I knew	Sinnen or Istassen	We knew	Sinnem or Istassem
He/she/it knew	Sint or Istas	They knew	Sinner or Istasser
Known (passive participle)	Sinnen	Plural	Sinnin

Laba- to hop

I hopped	Lammen	We hopped	Lammem
He/she/it hopped	Lamp	They hopped	Lamber
Hopped (passive participle)	Lammen	Plural	Lemmin

Loda- to float

I floated	Lunnen	We floated	Lunnem
He/she/it floated	Lunt	They floated	Lunder
Floated (passive participle)	Lunnen	Plural	Lynnin

Muda- to labour, work (only has an intransitive form)

I laboured	Mudassen	We laboured	Mudassem
He/she/it laboured	Mudas	They laboured	Mudasser
Laboured (passive participle)	Mudassen	Plural	Mydessin

Síla- to shine with silver light

I shone	Síllen	We shone	Síllem
He/she/it shone	Síll	They shone	Síller
Shone (passive participle)	Síllen	Plural	Síllin

Toba- to cover, roof over

I covered	Tummen	We covered	Tummem
He/she/it covered	Tump	They covered	Tumber
Covered (passive participle)	Tummen	Plural	Tymmin